Abstract: . . .  need not proceed in a strictly bottom-up and sequential fashion, but may involve parallel bottom-up and top-down operation. Top-down: Processing that involves knowledge coming from higher levels (such as predicting a word from the context). Page 7 Introduction to Psycholinguistics Page 7 D. Anderson Michaelmas Term 2005 Bottom-up: Processing that is purely data- or stimulus-driven. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Reading Recommendations Steinberg, D. 1993. An introduction to Psycholinguistics . Longman. Harley, T. 2001. The Psychology of Language. Psychology Press (Chapter 1, The Study of Language) Carroll, D.W. 1999. Psychology of Language. 3 rd ed. Brooks-Cole Publishing. [Chapter 3, Psychological Mechanisms]. Jackendoff, R. 1993. Patterns in the Mind Harvester. Berko-Gleason, J. and N. Bernstein-Ratner. 1993. Psycholinguistics . 2 nd ed. Harcourt Brace. Pinker, S. 1994. The language instinct. Penguin Books. Matlin, M. W. 2002. Cognition. 5 th ed. Harcourt Brace Publishers. [Chapter 1, Introduction]. Referenced in the lecture: Stroop, J.R. 1935. Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 12, 643-662. Tulving, E. 1972. ‘Episodic and semantic memory.’ In E. Tulving and W. Donaldson (eds.) Organization in Memory, pp. 381-403. Academic Press. Fodor, J. 1983. The Modularity of Mind. MIT Press. Fodor, J. 1985. ‘Précis and multiple book review of the Modularity of Mind.’ Behavioural and Brain Sciences. 8:1-42. Baddeley, A.D. 1986. Working Memory. Clarendon. Baddeley, A.D. 1999. Essentials of human memory. Psychology Press. Internet sources: Stroop test on-line: http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/words.html (Neuroscience Resources for Kids!) OR http://www.at-bristol.org.uk/Optical/StroopEffect_main.htm  . . .
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